In reply to Rachael and anyone else who is interested, here are a few facts and figures regarding the Merchant Navy.
MERCHANT NAVY LOSSES. 1939-1945.
2536 British Registered Merchant were sunk by enemy action in World War Two.
30,248 British Merchant Seaman were killed. One of whom was my brother, Gordon John Singleton, 17 year old cabin boy on the SS"Marcella" torpedoed by U107 on the 13th.March 1943, their were no survivors from a crew of 45 including 8 DEMS gunners.
4,645 were considered missing.
4,707 were wounded
5,720 became Prisoners of War. (Some as young as fourteen)
They, as civillians, were illegally held and should have been repatriated, but the enemy knew that if they were released they would risk all the dangers again, and go back to sea.
It was a fact that when a Merchant ship was sunk by enemy action, those who survived, their pay stopped before the ship reached the bottom of the ocean. There was no income for them and their families until they joined another ship.
The British Merchant Navy was continuously engaged in the war from the afternoon of the 3rd. September 1939 when the RMS Athenia was torpedoed by Fritz Julies Lemp, Captain of U30, with the loss of 112 passengers and crew, until the last British vessel SS Avondale Park was torpedoed at approximately 10-30 p.m. on the 7th. May 1945, of the Firth of Forth, by Emil Klusmeier Captain of U2336, just hours before the cease-fire.
An analysis of records at the UK Registry of Shipping and Seaman in Cardiff reveals that 32,076 merchant seaman (some 27 per cent) were recorded as having died through enemy action. The average seagoing population during the years 1939-45 appears to have been around 131,700.
This percentage of deaths was higher than all services (Army, Navy and Air Force) combined.
I think we should all feel proud to fly the Red Duster on the 3rd. September each year (the day the war started) to honour those men and women of the Merchant Navy who were killed through the War.
The National Memorial Arboretum at Alrewas, Staffordshire is well worth a visit. It is a living tribute to the wartime generations of the 20th. century. A large part of this is dedicated to the Merchant Navy. 2,536 oak trees have been planted there, one tree for every Merchant ship that was sunk. A very impressive sight. The Red Duster flies there permanently.
Ron Singleton (Merchant Navy:- April 1944 to April 1956)